October
2007
Vitamin B9
Vitamin B9, also known as Folic Acid was first discovered in 1938 as a necessary nutrient for raising chicks. It did not take long to realize that all animals, including humans, required Vitamin B9. During the 1940s Folic Acid was found effective in treating pregnancy related anemia and an intestinal mal-absorption condition known as Tropical Sprue.
Though often overlooked for optimum nutrition, Vitamin B9, when combined with Vitamin B12, is very important for the growth and reproduction of all body cells and serves as a coenzyme for the creation of DNA. Like the other B Vitamins, Folic Acid helps to metabolize proteins for energy production and assists in proper nervous system function by helping in the synthesis of certain nerve transmitters. Vitamin B9 is also essential for producing antibodies, and skin and hair health. It is claimed that Folic Acid may prevent the premature graying of hair.
Folic Acid is yellow colored and crystalline in substance, it is a water soluble vitamin but can be quickly destroyed by heat, sunlight, and food processing. Though absorbed through the entire small intestine there is also a small site at the jejunum designed with special receptors strictly for Vitamin B9 absorption. The liver is the primary holding site for Folic Acid and it is metered out from there.
Since Vitamin B9 is readily available in most green or leafy vegetables, those regularly eating a healthy diet will probably not suffer from a deficiency or require a supplement more than a daily multi-vitamin. However, for those using oral contraceptives, or anyone who has undergone removal or surgery of the gastrointestinal tract an increase in Vitamin B9 through diet or supplements may be advised. Pregnant or women planning to become pregnant may, after checking with their doctor or other qualified health professional, decide to increase Folic Acid intake ensuring proper nervous system development within the fetus. The same goes with lactating women after checking with a doctor. Increase the Vitamin B9, either by diet or supplement, while breastfeeding to continue the availability for proper nervous system development for the growing child. For men and women the daily recommended intake of Folic Acid is 400 mg daily. This jumps to 600 mg for pregnant women, and 500 mg daily while breastfeeding.
Though Vitamin B9 deficiency is considered rare absorption may be hindered by the use of medications containing sulfur. Symptoms of Vitamin B9 deficiency may be indicated by skin disorders, hair loss, fatigue or mental depression. Many reproductive disorders may result form Folic Acid deficiency such as loss of libido in men, difficult labor, spontaneous abortion, and high infant mortality rate in women. As we age Folic Acid may also help prevent dementia and maintain cognitive health. Mega dosing of Vitamin B9 is not recommended since there is no benefit, though actual overdosing is considered difficult but the first signs usually are being nausea, flatulence, loss of appetite, and distension of the abdomen.